Mojo aims to be this (other language) arguably with easier programming model that rust, familiar syntax to python devs, and a modern design in general. Its stated goal now, is the easiest way to extend python. it provides the same interface for zero-hassle import of .mojo files
Cython and PyBind and Nanobind are good for wrapping an existing library written in C++ and crafting an interface that doesn’t feel like it’s a C++ one. They were a big step from ctypes and SWIG
If more than a few percent of execution time is spent in Python you are probably doing it wrong.
Personally I don't even understand why Cython is a thing, just write performance critical functions in other languages:
<https://pypi.org/project/rustimport/>
<https://pypi.org/project/import-zig/>
Note that you can even start threads in those languages and use function calls as pseudo-RPC. All without an overly complex build system.